{"id":122,"date":"2023-01-20T09:50:40","date_gmt":"2023-01-20T08:50:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/orangeacademy.cz\/clanky\/?p=122"},"modified":"2023-01-20T09:51:33","modified_gmt":"2023-01-20T08:51:33","slug":"pritomny-cas-prosty","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/orangeacademy.cz\/clanky\/pritomny-cas-prosty\/","title":{"rendered":"Present simple \u2013 P\u0159\u00edtomn\u00fd \u010das prost\u00fd v angli\u010dtin\u011b a jeho vysv\u011btlen\u00ed + cvi\u010den\u00ed a testy"},"content":{"rendered":"

P\u0159\u00edtomn\u00fd \u010das<\/strong> prost\u00fd neboli \u201ePresent simple\u201d<\/em> je asi t\u00edm nejz\u00e1kladn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm \u010dasem v angli\u010dtin\u011b. Studenti se ho u\u010d\u00ed jako prvn\u00ed a zpravidla ho pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed nej\u010dast\u011bji. I rodil\u00fd mluv\u010d\u00ed ho pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed velmi \u010dasto.<\/p>\n

Vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed<\/strong> a pou\u017eit\u00ed<\/strong> present simple je pom\u011brn\u011b jednoduch\u00e9<\/strong> a neskr\u00fdv\u00e1 v sob\u011b \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed z\u00e1drhely. Poj\u010fme si hezky popo\u0159ad\u011b proj\u00edt v\u0161echny z\u00e1kladn\u00ed mo\u017enosti tvo\u0159en\u00ed p\u0159\u00edtomn\u00e9ho \u010dasu prost\u00e9ho.<\/p>\n

Sloveso TO BE<\/h2>\n

Sloveso b\u00fdt nebo v angli\u010dtin\u011b to be, m\u00e1 t\u0159i r\u016fzn\u00e9 tvary \u2013 am<\/strong>, is<\/strong>, are<\/strong>, kter\u00e9 se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed podle pou\u017eit\u00e9 osoby a \u010d\u00edsla. Poj\u010fme si je p\u0159edstavit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Jednotn\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo<\/strong><\/td>\nMno\u017en\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
J\u00e1 jsem<\/td>\nI am<\/strong><\/td>\nMy jsme<\/td>\nWe are<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ty jsi<\/td>\nYou are<\/strong><\/td>\nVy jste<\/td>\nYou are<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
On, ona, ono je<\/td>\nHe, she, it is<\/strong><\/td>\nOni jsou<\/td>\nThey are<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

V tabulce vid\u00edte ty nejednodu\u0161\u00ed v\u011bty v anglick\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edtomn\u00e9m \u010dase prost\u00e9m. My si je ale m\u016f\u017eeme trochu rozv\u00edt a ud\u011blat zaj\u00edmav\u011bj\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Nap\u0159\u00edklad:<\/em><\/p>\n

I’m a red bus driver. \u2013 Jsem \u0159idi\u010d \u010derven\u00e9ho autobusu.<\/em><\/p>\n

Nebo dal\u0161\u00ed:<\/em><\/p>\n

They are ready to taste new cuisine \u2013 Oni jsou p\u0159ipraveni ochutnat novou kuchyni.<\/em><\/p>\n

\"Present<\/a><\/p>\n

Nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed tvo\u0159en\u00ed p\u0159\u00edtomn\u00e9ho \u010dasu<\/h2>\n

Drtiv\u00e1 v\u011bt\u0161ina sloves v angli\u010dtin\u011b m\u00e1 tvo\u0159en\u00ed p\u0159\u00edtomn\u00e9ho \u010dasu jednodu\u0161\u0161\u00ed. D\u016fvod je ten, \u017ee u drtiv\u00e9ho mno\u017estv\u00ed sloves se m\u011bn\u00ed pouze 3. osoba jednotn\u00e9ho \u010d\u00edsla<\/strong>. V tomto tvaru se p\u0159id\u00e1v\u00e1 koncovka -S<\/strong>. Je to trochu a\u017e nezvyk oproti \u010de\u0161tin\u011b, kde je ka\u017ed\u00fd tvar \u00fapln\u011b jin\u00fd.<\/p>\n

Porovnejte: mluv\u00edm, mluv\u00ed\u0161, mluv\u00ed, mluv\u00edme, mluv\u00edte, mluv\u00ed s anglick\u00fdm:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Jednotn\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo<\/strong><\/td>\nMno\u017en\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
J\u00e1 mluv\u00edm<\/td>\nI talk<\/td>\nMy mluv\u00edme<\/td>\nWe talk<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ty mluv\u00ed\u0161<\/td>\nYou talk<\/td>\nVy mluv\u00edte<\/td>\nYou talk<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
On, ona, ono mluv\u00ed<\/td>\nHe, she, it is talks<\/strong><\/td>\nOni mluv\u00ed<\/td>\nThey talk<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Vid\u00edte? V\u0161echny tvary slovesa jsou stejn\u00e9 s v\u00fdjimkou t\u0159et\u00ed osoby jednotn\u00e9ho \u010d\u00edsla<\/strong>. Aby to nebylo \u00fapln\u011b trivi\u00e1ln\u00ed, tak samoz\u0159ejm\u011b existuj\u00ed v\u00fdjimky<\/strong>. I ty jsou celkem logick\u00e9 a dob\u0159e pochopiteln\u00e9.<\/p>\nStudujte s n\u00e1mi angli\u010dtinu<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span>\n

 <\/p>\n

Pokud kon\u010d\u00ed sloveso na sykavku, tak je ve 3. osob\u011b jednotn\u00e9ho \u010d\u00edsla nutn\u00e9 p\u0159idat roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159enou koncovku -ES<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Jednotn\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo<\/strong><\/td>\nMno\u017en\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
J\u00e1 myji<\/td>\nI wash<\/td>\nMy myjeme<\/td>\nWe wash<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ty myje\u0161<\/td>\nYou wash<\/td>\nVy myjete<\/td>\nYou wash<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
On, ona, ono myje<\/td>\nHe, she, it is washes<\/strong><\/td>\nOni myj\u00ed<\/td>\nThey wash<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Druh\u00e1 hlavn\u00ed v\u011btev v\u00fdjimek je pak u sloves s koncovkou zakon\u010den\u00fdch na ypsilon – y<\/strong>. Tady doch\u00e1z\u00ed k tomu, \u017ee se tvrd\u00e9 i zm\u011bk\u010duje<\/strong>. Trochu problematick\u00e9 je, \u017ee zat\u00edmco ve v\u00fdslovnosti se tak d\u011bje v\u017edy, tak v psan\u00e9 form\u011b to bohu\u017eel tak jasn\u00e9 nen\u00ed. Pod\u00edvejte se na n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed 2 p\u0159\u00edklady:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Jednotn\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo<\/strong><\/td>\nMno\u017en\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
J\u00e1 plat\u00edm<\/td>\nI pay<\/td>\nMy plat\u00edme<\/td>\nWe pay<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ty plat\u00ed\u0161<\/td>\nYou pay<\/td>\nVy plat\u00edte<\/td>\nYou pay<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
On, ona, ono plat\u00ed<\/td>\nHe, she, it is pays<\/strong><\/td>\nOni plat\u00ed<\/td>\nThey pay<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Jednotn\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo<\/strong><\/td>\nMno\u017en\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
J\u00e1 studuji<\/td>\nI study<\/td>\nMy studujeme<\/td>\nWe study<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ty studuje\u0161<\/td>\nYou study<\/td>\nVy studujete<\/td>\nYou study<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
On, ona, ono studuje<\/td>\nHe, she, it is studies<\/strong><\/td>\nOni studuj\u00ed<\/td>\nThey study<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Z\u00e1v\u011br o Present simple<\/h2>\n

P\u0159\u00edtomn\u00fd \u010das prost\u00fd neboli Present simple a jeho tvo\u0159en\u00ed opravdu nen\u00ed nic slo\u017eit\u00e9ho<\/strong>. Pro v\u011bt\u0161inu student\u016f angli\u010dtiny je t\u00edm z\u00e1kladn\u00edm \u010dasem<\/strong>, kter\u00fd se u\u010d\u00ed jako prvn\u00ed a t\u00edm p\u00e1dem se s n\u00edm nejl\u00e9pe s\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed. \u010casto ho pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed i tam, kde to nen\u00ed nutn\u00e9 nebo vhodn\u00e9, i kdy\u017e takov\u00fdm v\u011bt\u00e1m nakonec porozum\u00ed snad ka\u017ed\u00fd.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

P\u0159\u00edtomn\u00fd \u010das prost\u00fd neboli \u201ePresent simple\u201d je asi t\u00edm nejz\u00e1kladn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm \u010dasem v angli\u010dtin\u011b. Studenti se ho u\u010d\u00ed jako prvn\u00ed a zpravidla ho pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed nej\u010dast\u011bji. I rodil\u00fd mluv\u010d\u00ed ho pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed velmi \u010dasto. Vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed a pou\u017eit\u00ed present simple je pom\u011brn\u011b jednoduch\u00e9 a neskr\u00fdv\u00e1 v sob\u011b \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed z\u00e1drhely. Poj\u010fme si hezky popo\u0159ad\u011b proj\u00edt v\u0161echny z\u00e1kladn\u00ed mo\u017enosti tvo\u0159en\u00ed […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":234,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"off","_et_pb_old_content":"P\u0159\u00edtomn\u00fd \u010das<\/strong> prost\u00fd neboli \u201ePresent simple\u201d<\/em> je asi t\u00edm nejz\u00e1kladn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm \u010dasem v angli\u010dtin\u011b. Studenti se ho u\u010d\u00ed jako prvn\u00ed a zpravidla ho pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed nej\u010dast\u011bji. I rodil\u00fd mluv\u010d\u00ed ho pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed velmi \u010dasto.\r\n\r\nVytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed<\/strong> a pou\u017eit\u00ed<\/strong> present simple je pom\u011brn\u011b jednoduch\u00e9<\/strong> a neskr\u00fdv\u00e1 v sob\u011b \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed z\u00e1drhely. Poj\u010fme si hezky popo\u0159ad\u011b proj\u00edt v\u0161echny z\u00e1kladn\u00ed mo\u017enosti tvo\u0159en\u00ed p\u0159\u00edtomn\u00e9ho \u010dasu prost\u00e9ho.\r\n\r\n

Sloveso TO BE<\/h2>\r\nSloveso b\u00fdt nebo v angli\u010dtin\u011b to be, m\u00e1 t\u0159i r\u016fzn\u00e9 tvary \u2013 am<\/strong>, is<\/strong>, are<\/strong>, kter\u00e9 se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed podle pou\u017eit\u00e9 osoby a \u010d\u00edsla. Poj\u010fme si je p\u0159edstavit.\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
Jednotn\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo<\/strong><\/td>\r\nMno\u017en\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
J\u00e1 jsem<\/td>\r\nI am<\/strong><\/td>\r\nMy jsme<\/td>\r\nWe are<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Ty jsi<\/td>\r\nYou are<\/strong><\/td>\r\nVy jste<\/td>\r\nYou are<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
On, ona, ono je<\/td>\r\nHe, she, it is<\/strong><\/td>\r\nOni jsou<\/td>\r\nThey are<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\nV tabulce u\u017e vlastn\u011b vid\u00edte ty nejednodu\u0161\u00ed v\u011bty v anglick\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edtomn\u00e9m \u010dase prost\u00e9m. My si je m\u016f\u017eeme trochu rozv\u00edt a ud\u011blat zaj\u00edmav\u011bj\u0161\u00ed.\r\n\r\nNap\u0159\u00edklad:<\/em>\r\n\r\nI'm a red bus driver. \u2013 Jsem \u0159idi\u010d \u010derven\u00e9ho autobusu.<\/em>\r\n\r\nNebo dal\u0161\u00ed:<\/em>\r\n\r\nThey are ready to taste new cuisine \u2013 Oni jsou p\u0159ipraveni ochutnat novou kuchyni.<\/em>\r\n\r\n\"Present<\/a>\r\n\r\n

Nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed tvo\u0159en\u00ed p\u0159\u00edtomn\u00e9ho \u010dasu<\/h2>\r\nDrtiv\u00e1 v\u011bt\u0161ina sloves v angli\u010dtin\u011b m\u00e1 ale tvo\u0159en\u00ed p\u0159\u00edtomn\u00e9ho \u010dasu jednodu\u0161\u0161\u00ed. D\u016fvod je ten, \u017ee u drtiv\u00e9ho mno\u017estv\u00ed sloves se m\u011bn\u00ed pouze 3. osoba jednotn\u00e9ho \u010d\u00edsla<\/strong>. V tomto tvaru se p\u0159id\u00e1v\u00e1 koncovka -S<\/strong>. Je to trochu a\u017e nezvyk oproti \u010de\u0161tin\u011b, kde je ka\u017ed\u00fd tvar \u00fapln\u011b jin\u00fd.\r\n\r\nPorovnejte: mluv\u00edm, mluv\u00ed\u0161, mluv\u00ed, mluv\u00edme, mluv\u00edte, mluv\u00ed s anglick\u00fdm:\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
Jednotn\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo<\/strong><\/td>\r\nMno\u017en\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
J\u00e1 mluv\u00edm<\/td>\r\nI talk<\/td>\r\nMy mluv\u00edme<\/td>\r\nWe talk<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Ty mluv\u00ed\u0161<\/td>\r\nYou talk<\/td>\r\nVy mluv\u00edte<\/td>\r\nYou talk<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
On, ona, ono mluv\u00ed<\/td>\r\nHe, she, it is talks<\/strong><\/td>\r\nOni mluv\u00ed<\/td>\r\nThey talk<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n\u00a0\r\n\r\nVid\u00edte? V\u0161echny tvary slovesa jsou stejn\u00e9 s v\u00fdjimkou t\u0159et\u00ed osoby jednotn\u00e9ho \u010d\u00edsla<\/strong>. Aby to nebylo \u00fapln\u011b trivi\u00e1ln\u00ed, tak samoz\u0159ejm\u011b existuj\u00ed v\u00fdjimky<\/strong>. I ty jsou celkem logick\u00e9 a dob\u0159e pochopiteln\u00e9.\r\n\r\nPokud kon\u010d\u00ed sloveso na sykavku, tak je ve 3. osob\u011b jednotn\u00e9ho \u010d\u00edsla nutn\u00e9 p\u0159idat roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159enou koncovku -ES<\/strong>.\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
Jednotn\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo<\/strong><\/td>\r\nMno\u017en\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
J\u00e1 myji<\/td>\r\nI wash<\/td>\r\nMy myjeme<\/td>\r\nWe wash<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Ty myje\u0161<\/td>\r\nYou wash<\/td>\r\nVy myjete<\/td>\r\nYou wash<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
On, ona, ono myje<\/td>\r\nHe, she, it is washes<\/strong><\/td>\r\nOni myj\u00ed<\/td>\r\nThey wash<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n\u00a0\r\n\r\nDruh\u00e1 hlavn\u00ed v\u011btev v\u00fdjimek je pak u sloves s koncovkou zakon\u010den\u00fdch na ypsilon - y<\/strong>. Tady doch\u00e1z\u00ed k tomu, \u017ee se tvrd\u00e9 i zm\u011bk\u010duje<\/strong>. Trochu problematick\u00e9 je, \u017ee zat\u00edmco ve v\u00fdslovnosti se tak d\u011bje v\u017edy, tak v psan\u00e9 form\u011b to bohu\u017eel tak jasn\u00e9 nen\u00ed. Pod\u00edvejte se na n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed 2 p\u0159\u00edklady:\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
Jednotn\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo<\/strong><\/td>\r\nMno\u017en\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
J\u00e1 plat\u00edm<\/td>\r\nI pay<\/td>\r\nMy plat\u00edme<\/td>\r\nWe pay<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Ty plat\u00ed\u0161<\/td>\r\nYou pay<\/td>\r\nVy plat\u00edte<\/td>\r\nYou pay<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
On, ona, ono plat\u00ed<\/td>\r\nHe, she, it is pays<\/strong><\/td>\r\nOni plat\u00ed<\/td>\r\nThey pay<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n\u00a0\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
Jednotn\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo<\/strong><\/td>\r\nMno\u017en\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
J\u00e1 studuji<\/td>\r\nI study<\/td>\r\nMy studujeme<\/td>\r\nWe study<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Ty studuje\u0161<\/td>\r\nYou study<\/td>\r\nVy studujete<\/td>\r\nYou study<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
On, ona, ono studuje<\/td>\r\nHe, she, it is studies<\/strong><\/td>\r\nOni studuj\u00ed<\/td>\r\nThey study<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n\r\n\u00a0\r\n

Z\u00e1v\u011br o Present simple<\/h2>\r\nP\u0159\u00edtomn\u00fd \u010das prost\u00fd neboli Present simple a jeho tvo\u0159en\u00ed opravdu nen\u00ed nic slo\u017eit\u00e9ho<\/strong>. Pro v\u011bt\u0161inu student\u016f angli\u010dtiny je t\u00edm z\u00e1kladn\u00edm \u010dasem<\/strong>, kter\u00fd se u\u010d\u00ed jako prvn\u00ed a t\u00edm p\u00e1dem se s n\u00edm nejl\u00e9pe s\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed. \u010casto ho pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed i tam, kde to nen\u00ed nutn\u00e9 nebo vhodn\u00e9, i kdy\u017e takov\u00fdm v\u011bt\u00e1m nakonec porozum\u00ed snad ka\u017ed\u00fd.","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[11,12,10,13],"class_list":["post-122","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-anglictina","tag-anglicka-gramatika","tag-casy-v-anglictine","tag-jazyky","tag-vyuka-anglictiny"],"yoast_head":"\nPresent simple \u2013 P\u0159\u00edtomn\u00fd \u010das prost\u00fd v angli\u010dtin\u011b a jeho vysv\u011btlen\u00ed + cvi\u010den\u00ed a testy<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"P\u0159\u00edtomn\u00fd \u010das prost\u00fd neboli \u201ePresent simple\u201d je asi t\u00edm nejz\u00e1kladn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm \u010dasem v angli\u010dtin\u011b. Studenti se ho u\u010d\u00ed jako prvn\u00ed a \u010dasto ho pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/orangeacademy.cz\/clanky\/pritomny-cas-prosty\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"cs_CZ\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Present simple \u2013 P\u0159\u00edtomn\u00fd \u010das prost\u00fd v angli\u010dtin\u011b a jeho vysv\u011btlen\u00ed + cvi\u010den\u00ed a testy\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"P\u0159\u00edtomn\u00fd \u010das prost\u00fd neboli \u201ePresent simple\u201d je asi t\u00edm nejz\u00e1kladn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm \u010dasem v angli\u010dtin\u011b. 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